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An Analysis of the Sexual Division of Labor

Current Realities and Prospects for Change

TANAKA Sigeto (tsigeto(AT)nik.sal.tohoku.ac.jp)

A doctoral dissertation submitted to Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University. October, 1999.

A reprint edition is published by Kwansei Gakuin University Press. Catalogue number: KGUP-0000778-2000-03.

National Institute of Informatics Online cataloging system (NACSIS-CAT) number (NCID): BA45965943

[Japanese full-text PDF file] (1,147KB. See "Availability" below)

Table of contents
Availability
Bibliography

Table of contents (tentative translation)

Page numbers are in brackets.

Summary [ii]

Contents [iv]

The way of references in this paper [vi]

1. Perspective [1]

1.1. The sexual division of labor in the modern social sturucture [1]
1.2. The feminist movement at a blockade? [1]

Effort toward the elimination of the sexual division of labor [1]
Two strategies: enlightment and equalization [2]
Limitations of the strategies [3]

1.3. The aim of this paper [4]

On trends in the sexual division of labor [4]
Chapter 2 [5]
Chapter 3 [5]
Chapters 4 and 5 [6]

2. The Concept and the Measurement of the Sexual Division of Labor [7]

2.1. Perspective to measure changes in the sexual division of labor [7]
2.2. Reformalizing the sexual division of labor [8]

The sex-role principle as a priority [8]
Reformalizing the base-axis [9]
Social mobility models [11]
Three types of deviences [12]
The openness of the allocation of labor [14]
Interpretation of the coefficient of openness [15]

2.3. Trends in the openness in time-buget data [15]

National Time Use Survey by NHK [15]
Avarage of Japanese time use [16]
Diversity by age [18]
Actors and their average [22]
Concluding remarks [24]

2.4. Women's employment and the sexual division of labor [24]

studies of women's labor [24]
Simulation of women's employment under unchanged openness [25]
Reducting noises [26]
What we should notice [27]

3. Reassesing Trends in Women's Employment [29]

3.1. From studies on women's labor to those on the sexual division of labor [29]
3.2. Employment rate and modification on it [29]

Trends in women's employment rate [29]
Problems of using the employment rate [30]
Employment rate in the market-sector [32]
The housework-priority employment [34]
Trends in the full-time employment rate [35]

3.3. The childcare shift and the M-shaped curve [36]

Interpreting the M-shaped curve [36]
The "M-degree" [37]
Other problems [38]

3.4. Examing occupational history data [39]

The SSM Survey [39]
The first job before marriage [42]
Jobs on the childrearing stage [42]
The continuity rate of full-time employment (CRFE) [42]
Disturbances [49]
Employment behavior after the childrearing stage [50]

3.5. Concluding remarks [52]

Realities in the women's employment [52]
The childcare shift as a break point [53]

4. Work-Family Choices: The Couple-Unitary Strategy [54]

4.1. Economic model of employment behavior and the Douglas's law perspective [54]

Howsework in economics [54]
The popularising process of washing machines [55]
The income effect [57]
Labor supplay of married women: Mincer's model [58]
The a priori sexual division of labor [59]
Popularised the Douglas's law perspective [60]

4.2. Labor market structure and the sexual division of labor [62]

The comparative advantage hypothesis [62]
Changes in the wage sturucture [63]
Opportunity costs and couple's career [65]

4.3. Sex differencials in the opportunity cost [66]

The settings for our simulation [66]
The wage curve for a continuous career [68]
The wage curve for a interruptted career [72]
Sex differencials in the cumulative amount of the lost wage [75]

4.4. Concluding remarks [76]

The changing wage structure and the declining economic melit of the sexual division of labor [76]
A consequence of women's work-force participation [77]
Questions remaining [77]

5. Prospect for Change [79]

5.1. Our findings [79]

The stiff sexual division of labor [79]
Changing career conditions for women and men [79]

5.2. The new rules of work-family choices [79]

Marital selection [80]
The mechanism maintaining the gender regime [81]
Decision concerning the flexibility in careers [82]

5.3. The third strategy [84]

Bibliography [86]

Format of the list below [86]
Bibliographical list [86]

Availability

The dissertation (in Japanese) is available from Dissertation Publishing Service by Kwansei Gakuin University Press: 4,500 yen per volume + postage 500 yen. Catalogue number: KGUP-0000778-2000-03. In case you cannot use the service, please directly correspond with the author.

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The copyright for the dissertation is reserved by its author, Tanaka Sigeto. Duplication in any form without the author's permission is forbidden.

[Bibliography on Sexual Division of Labor]

TANAKA Sigeto (tsigeto(AT)nik.sal.tohoku.ac.jp)

Created at 1999-12-22. Last updated at 2005-07-19.